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DIETARY INTERVENTION IMPACT ON GUT MICROBIAL GENE RICHNESS

Editors Note: The following submission was written by Campbell P. (’14), and it summarizes an interesting article he read for his AP Biology class.
            The purpose of this study is to see whether or not it is possible to change microbial gene richness to ward off the epidemic of obesity. This article explains the relationship between food intake, gut microbiota and metabolic and inflammatory phenotypes. In this a study of microorganisms, the authors hypothesized that a dietary intervention could change the gene richness in the gut of an individual to prevent obesity and other diseases that LGC (low gene count) could lead to like pre-diabetes, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disorders and cancer. Forty nine obese subjects were recruited with a mix of HGC (high gene count) individuals and LGC individuals. The subjects ate a six week high protein diet then a six week weight maintenance diet. The individuals were subject to physical activity scores, observation of food intake and analysis of gut microbiota. During the first week the subjects noticed a loss in body fat. During the next six weeks nutrient intake returned to normal values. The LGC individuals had high insulin resistance, high LDL cholesterol and higher inflammation than HGC individuals. Prior to the study, the LGC individuals consumed less fruits and vegetables and less fishery products than HGC which suggests long term dietary habits affect gene richness. Gut microbiota differ from LGC to HGC because 14 out of 18 species found in the gut were differentially abundant in LGC and HGC individuals. Gene richness in LGC individuals increased after energy-restricted diet and while there was almost no change in gene richness in HGC individuals. Increase of abundance of gene clusters in energy-restricted diet abundance decreased in maintenance phase in LGC. Gene richness may help to predict efficacy on dietary interventions on inflammatory variables. The intake of fruits and vegetables before intervention lead to HGC. Dietary intervention could lead to microbial changes but because the intervention was so short there were no full permanent change of gene richness in LGC individuals. 
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  • Home
  • Who We Are
  • HOW TO SUBMIT
  • Past Publications
    • 2018 Publication >
      • Artistic Creations
      • Historical and Current Explanations
      • Mathematic and Scientific Exploration
      • Scientific Research
    • 2017 Publication >
      • Artistic Creations
      • Historical and Current Explanations
      • Mathematic and Scientific Exploration
      • Reactions and Responses
      • Scientific Research
    • 2016 Publication >
      • Historical and Current Explanations
      • Mathematic and Scientific Explorations
      • Scientific Research
      • Reactions and Responses
      • Artistic Creations
    • 2015 Publication >
      • Historical and Current Explanations >
        • Bell Curves
        • Birds Vs. Turbines
        • Energy in the Obama Era
        • The Future of Neuroscience
        • Gender Gap in Math
        • GMOs--Yes or No?
        • The History of Minecraft: How a Swedish Indie Game Came to Dominate the World
        • The Effect of Prozac on the Brain
        • Philae Lander's Discovery of Organic Molecules
        • Advantages and Disadvantages of Wind Turbines
        • Your Own Worst Enemy: An Overview of Lupus
        • The Methylhex Ban
        • The Effect of Lyme Disease on the Immune system
        • Infectious Mononucleosis
        • Replacing CFCs
        • The Switch
      • Mathematic and Scientific Explorations >
        • The 43rd Figure
        • The Clock
        • The Collatz Conjecture
        • Constructing a Soccer Ball
        • Determining how Ballparks Affect Batter's Ability to Create Hits
        • The Rotating Conundrum
        • Pythagorean Puzzle
        • Mathematic and Scientific Explorations
        • Kinetics Lab
        • Math in the Restaurant Business
        • Math as a Vessel for Social Change
        • Sustainability of Bottled Vs. Tap Water
        • Thoughts on the Lottery
        • Understanding Player Efficiency Rating
      • Scientific Research >
        • Communicating With Computers
        • The Mystery of Asthma
        • The Nanoscopic War Against Cancer
        • Phytochemistry
        • Solving the energy crisis with Intermediate Band Solar Cells
        • A Pain That Never Ends
        • Rapamycin Resistance
        • Ampacity of a Single Core Horizontal Cable
        • Morphological Properties of Texting Acronym Formation
        • cGAS and STING Expression
      • Reactions and Responses >
        • Can Humans Survive the Climate Crisis?
        • My Experience as a Teacher's Assistant
        • Ted Talk Responses
        • Teens For Food Justice
      • Artistic Creations >
        • Chandelier
        • Deltoidal Hexacontrahedon
        • Dodecahedron Card Trick
        • Eye of the Triangle
        • Free Radric Delantic Davis
        • The Grid
        • What Does A Randomly Composed Song Sound Like?
        • Science Wing Mural
    • 2014 Publication >
      • Cover Photo
      • Artistic Creations >
        • Art Using the Fibonacci Sequence
        • Computer Generated Architecture and Designs
        • Mathematical Landscape
        • Math Art
        • Math in Music
      • Historical and Current Explanations >
        • Algae Bio-Fuel
        • An Energy Alternative
        • Clean Energy In Transportation
        • Calorie Restriction
        • Creating Energy in the Modern World
        • Dietary Intervention Impact on Gut Microbial Gene Richness
        • Earthly Applications for NASA Technology
        • Explaining Relative Motion
        • Exploring Artificial Inteligence
        • Gamma Function
        • How Leaves Work
        • Hydrogen Fuel Cells
        • Music and Brain Development
        • Programming Calculators
        • The Science of Microsatellites
        • Sci-Fi Taser
        • Sloane's Gap
        • Sustainable Energy: Why Some Ideas Shine Brighter than Others
        • Understanding The Galvanic Cell
        • The Virus: Our Unforeseen Philosopher's Stone
        • What Are Fuel Cells and How Do They Work?
      • Mathematic and Scientific Explorations >
        • Astrocytes Expressing ALS-Linked Mutated SOD1 Release Factors Selectively Toxic to Motor Neurons
        • Big Bang
        • Dictyostelium Discoideum
        • The Future of Solar Cell Technology
        • And Many More...
      • Reactions and Responses >
        • Alternative Energy Sources, New but Unused
        • An Insight Into the Curious World of Ethnobotany
        • Challenging What We Think We Know
        • The Current State of American Education
        • Discovering New Numbers
        • Interview With an Architect
        • Life of Pi Response
        • Mathematical Art Video Commentary
        • Missing from Science Class
        • The Museum of Math
        • The Inside Scoop on a Real Mathematician
    • 2013 Publication
  • 2019 Publication
    • Scientific Research
    • Mathematical Exploration
    • Scientific Exploration
    • Computer Science